Fasoracetam powder (110958-19-5)

Fasoracetam powder (also known as NS-105, LAM-105, and NFC-1) is a nootropic or smart drug that belongs to the racetam family of drugs. It was first developedin the early 1990s by the Japanese pharmaceutical company Nippon Shinyakuwith the intention of treating vascular dementia. The company spent over $200 million developing fasoracetam, however, the drug failed to make it past phase 3 clinical trials due to a lack of efficacy and was eventually abandoned.

In 2013, interest in fasoracetam was revived when a company called NeuroFi purchased the clinical data for the drug from Nippon Shinyaku. NeuroFix was later acquired by Aevi Genomic Medicine, which began clinical trials in 2016 in adolescents with ADHD, autism, or anxiety, who have mutations in the glutamate receptor gene. Fasoracetam is currently in phase 2 clinical trials

Fasoracetam powder was created in the 1990s by the Japanese pharmaceutical company Nippon Shinyaku as a possible treatment for vascular dementia. Development was halted after disappointing clinical trials, but in 2013 the clinical data on fasoracetam (sometimes referred to in research literature as NS-105 or NFC-1) was purchased by the US-based firm NeuroFix, a subsidiary of Aevi Genomic Medicine.‍

In 2015, fasoracetam powder was accepted by the US Food and Drug Administration’s Investigational New Drug program, which grants the developers permission to start human clinical trials and ship the drug across state lines.

Clinical trials on fasoracetam started again in 2016, investigating the compound’s potential for treating Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children who demonstrate a specific mutation of the glutamate receptor system.‍ The trials suggested that fasoracetam has potential as a non-stimulant alternative to Adderall and other amphetamine derivatives for ADHD treatment.‍

A phase II proof-of-concept trial was planned for 2018 to investigate fasoracetam as an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) treatment.‍

Fasoracetam has not been officially approved for any use by the USFDA and is classified as a research chemical that is not intended for human use.

Like all racetams, the mechanism of action of fasoracetam is not fully understood.

Research has shown that fasoracetam works by the following mechanisms:

Fasoracetam increases the release of acetylcholine from the cerebral cortex. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter in the brain is responsible for memory and learning. Fasoracetam also increases the uptake of choline, a nutrient needed to create acetylcholine throughout the brain.

Fasoracetam increases the number of receptors (in the cortex) for the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).

It also activates certain types of glutamate receptors (metabotropic glutamate receptors – mGluRs). Glutamate is the main excitatory neurotransmitter, and mGluRs have many functions throughout the brain [R, R].

1) May Prevent Memory Loss

In rats, fasoracetam prevented memory problems caused by baclofen, a GABA-B receptor activator. It also reduced amnesia by increasing acetylcholine and reducing the effects of GABA-B activation.

2) May Reduce Symptoms of Depression

Abnormal GABA levels are linked to certain brain disorders, including anxiety and depression. Fasoracetam reduced depressive symptoms in rats that were conditioned to feel helpless to avoid negative situations (learned helplessness)

Fasoracetam powder is a research chemical of the racetam family. It is a putative nootropic that failed to show sufficient efficacy in clinical trials for vascular dementia. It is currently being studied for its potential use for attention deficithyperactivity disorder.

Scientists at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia led by Hakon Hakonarson havestudied fasoracetam’s potential use in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

COA

• Piracetam and piracetam-like drugs: from basic science to novel clinical applications to CNS disorders |
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• LAM 105, NS 105. Drugs R D. 1999 Aug;2(2):135-6. PubMed PMID: 10820660.
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